Despite official discouragement, farmers in Dimla, Nilphamari are returning to tobacco farming, lured by company incentives, guaranteed markets, and higher profits, raising concerns over health, environment, food security, and livelihoods.
Farmers in Dimla Upazila of Nilphamari district in northern Bangladesh are increasingly turning to tobacco cultivation even though the crop is officially discouraged due to serious health and environmental concerns.
The government aims to make Bangladesh tobacco-free by 2040. However, in Dimla, the influence of tobacco companies and uncertain markets for alternative crops are driving farmers back to tobacco.
Enticed by cash incentives, free seeds and fertilizers, easy loans and guaranteed purchase agreements from tobacco companies, many farmers are abandoning food crops like rice, maize and vegetables. Tobacco promises higher yields, lower risks and a ready local market.
Local farmers say that with guaranteed support and access to profitable alternative crops, they would readily switch, benefiting both livelihoods and public health.
“We have been growing tobacco since our ancestors’ time,” said Tushar Kanti Roy, a farmer from Bandar Khadibari village. “Last year we cultivated 100 decimals of land. This year we increased it. Costs are low and profits are high.”
Yet experts warn of severe consequences. Prolonged tobacco cultivation depletes soil fertility, increases reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides and leads to water contamination. Women and child laborers involved in harvesting and processing tobacco face serious health hazards.
Local sources report that while official figures list about 12 to 15 hectares under tobacco cultivation this season, the actual area is nearly double. Farmers admit that they continue planting tobacco despite knowing the risks, citing livelihood pressures and the lack of strong enforcement.
“The crop harms soil, reduces food production and poses environmental and health risks,” said Dimla Upazila Agriculture Officer Mir Hasan Al Banna. “We are promoting rice, maize, vegetables and fruit cultivation and will take strict action if necessary.”
Dr Rasheduzzaman, Upazila Public Health Officer, highlighted the wider public health concern: “People living in tobacco-growing areas, especially children and the elderly, face significant health risks. Ending tobacco cultivation is critical for community welfare.”
