The vibrant Indian Pitta, a seasonal visitor to Bangladesh’s forests, is facing mounting threats from climate change, habitat loss and erratic monsoons, raising concerns for its survival.
Along the rivers, lakes and wetlands of Bangladesh, a small dark waterbird stands out for its remarkable fishing skills, quietly dominating its habitat as one of the country’s most efficient hunters.
The Little Cormorant (Phalacrocorax niger), a small to medium-sized species found across South Asia, is easily recognised by its glossy black plumage, sleek body and distinctive white throat patch. It is a familiar sight near water, where it spends much of its time hunting fish.
In Bangladesh, the species thrives across a wide range of wetland habitats, including rivers, lakes, ponds and coastal areas. Its adaptability and access to abundant food sources have helped it remain common throughout the country, with suitable nesting sites close to water.
A highly skilled predator, the Little Cormorant feeds mainly on fish, particularly small species such as tilapia, minnows and catfish. Using its sharp hooked bill and webbed feet, it dives beneath the surface and propels itself with powerful wings to pursue prey. Once caught, the fish is usually swallowed whole after the bird resurfaces.
Breeding takes place near water, where the birds build nests in trees or shrubs using twigs, reeds and other available materials. Both males and females share responsibilities, from constructing the nest to incubating a small number of eggs and later feeding the chicks.
Despite its resilience, the species faces growing pressure from habitat loss linked to deforestation, wetland drainage and water pollution. Contamination of water bodies by chemicals and plastics is also affecting its food supply, while climate change is altering habitats and migration patterns.
The Little Cormorant is currently listed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, reflecting a stable population across much of its range. However, declines have been recorded in some areas where pollution and habitat destruction are more severe.
Experts say conservation efforts such as restoring wetlands, improving water quality and protecting natural habitats will be critical to ensuring the bird’s long-term survival.
The species is also known for a distinctive behaviour rarely seen in other birds. After fishing, it often perches with wings spread wide to dry them, as its feathers are less water-resistant. This helps maintain buoyancy and ensures efficient flight.
For many observers, the Little Cormorant remains a striking example of nature’s resilience, continuing to thrive in Bangladesh’s waters despite mounting environmental challenges.
